Damaged O-rings: Symptoms: Oil seepage between valve sections and end caps. Cause: Loose bolts, aged O-rings; air ingress causes cavitation.
Clogged LS Shuttle Valve and Orifice: Symptoms: Abnormal LS pressure, poor pump-valve matching, high fuel consumption & overheating. Cause: Fine contaminants block load-sensing signal passages.
Check / Holding Valve Seal Failure: Symptoms: Slow boom sinking and bucket tilting, worse under heavy load. Cause: Worn cone surface or dirt on sealing face.